Cariboo Presbytery was created at the founding of The United Church of Canada in June, 1925. It is one of ten Presbyteries within BC Conference. The predecessor to Cariboo Presbytery was Cariboo Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church in Canada. The only predecessor Methodist congregation in the area of Cariboo Presbytery (at Prince George), was related to the Hazelton District of the Methodist Church of Canada.

Membership of Presbytery includes all members of the order of ministry, and an equal number of lay representatives of the Pastoral Charges. The Presbytery's primary function is the oversight of Pastoral Charges within its bounds, which includes the approval of calls to ministers and the authority to induct people into their task; appointment of lay supplies; oversight of training of candidates for the Order of Ministry; the consideration of requests from congregations for the sale or purchase of property, or for the construction of any building; matters concerning the relationship between the Pastoral Charge and its minister; the receipt and transmission of petitions and appeals from either a lower court (Pastoral Charge) or a higher court (Conference or General Council); approval of the creation of any new Pastoral Charge within its bounds; review of all local church records; the exercise of discipline over members of the Order of Ministry within its bounds.